Welcome to the final part of our "Series of Swollen Scrotums." In this post, we’re covering testicular cancer – a rare but critical cause of scrotal swelling. While it’s less common than the other conditions we’ve discussed, early detection of testicular cancer is crucial for successful treatment and a high survival rate.
What is Testicular Cancer?
Testicular cancer occurs when abnormal cells grow in one or both testicles. It primarily affects younger men, ages 15 to 35, though it can occur at any age. There are several types of testicular cancer, but most cases fall into two categories: seminomas and non-seminomas. Both types respond well to treatment, especially when detected early.
Recognizing the Symptoms
Unlike some of the other causes of scrotal swelling we’ve covered, testicular cancer may not cause pain. Symptoms to watch for include:
A lump or swelling in one testicle
A feeling of heaviness or ache in the scrotum
Changes in testicle size or texture
Discomfort in the lower abdomen, back, or groin area
These symptoms are not always caused by cancer, but they’re reason enough to see a healthcare provider promptly.
Diagnosing Testicular Cancer
If a lump or swelling is detected, your healthcare provider will likely perform an ultrasound to evaluate the testicles. Blood tests may also be done to look for tumor markers, which can help identify the type of cancer and guide treatment. In some cases, additional imaging like CT scans is needed to check if the cancer has spread.
Treatment Options for Testicular Cancer
The good news is that testicular cancer is highly treatable, especially when caught early. Treatment options include:
Surgery: Removing the affected testicle is often the first step.
Radiation Therapy and Chemotherapy: These adjuncts may be used to reduce the risk of recurrence or treat recurrent disease.
Fortunately, even in advanced stages, testicular cancer has a high cure rate. Many patients go on to live healthy, normal lives after treatment.
The Importance of Self-Exams
Testicular self-exams are a simple and effective way to catch any unusual changes early.
Doing a monthly self-exam can help you get familiar with what feels normal, so you can detect any abnormalities quickly.
And that’s a wrap on our "Series of Swollen Scrotums"! Remember, if you notice any unusual swelling or lumps, don’t wait to seek medical advice – early intervention can make all the difference.
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